PFAS 101 - The Basics
• What Are PFAS?
• Precursors and Degradates
• Acronyms and Naming Conventions
• Production History and Usage Trends
• Replacement Chemistry
• Sources and Modes of Release
• Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF)
• Detections in the Environment
• Toxicity and Health Effects
Physical and Chemical Properties
• Physical Properties of PFAS
• Fluorine Characteristics
• Carbon-Fluorine Bonds
• Acidic, Anionic, and Cationic Forms
• Acid Disassociation Constants
• Thermal and Chemical Stabilities
• Solubilities
• Organic Carbon Partitioning
• Vapor Pressures
• Henry's Law Partitioning
• Octanol-Water Partitioning
• Bioconcentration Factors
PFAS Transport and Fate in Air, Soil, Surface Water, and Groundwater
• 4-Phase and Interface Partitioning
• Advection, Dispersion, and Diffusion
• Atmospheric Deposition
• Leaching
• Micelle Formation
• Abiotic Transformation
• Biotransformation
• PFAS Degradates
• Bioaccumulation
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Site Characterization for PFAS
• Investigation Strategies
• Source Identification
• Sampling Approaches and Precautions
• Selecting PFAS Analytes
• Analytical Methods
• Air, Soil, and Water Framework
• Data Evaluation
• Qualitative Analysis
• Exposure Pathways & Risk Assessment
• Conceptual Site Model Development
Soil Remediation Technologies
• Soil Washing
• Excavation and Off-Site Destruction • Stabilization/Solidification
• Thermal Desorption
• Incineration
Water Remediation Technologies
• Reverse Osmosis
• Nanofiltration
• Granular Activated Carbon and Biochar
• Modified Anion Exchange
• Surface Active Foam Fractionation
• Ozofractionation
• Electrochemical Oxidation
• Argon Plasma Treatment
• Sonochemical Treatment
• Alkaline Hydrothermal Liquefaction
PFAS Regulation and Guidance
• National and International Regulatory Approaches
• State and National Regulatory Status
• Guidance and Resources
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